Public Health Effects Of Medical Marijuana - 1368 Words

Public Health Effects of Medical Marijuana Legalization in Colorado Over the last few decades, the controversy over marijuana has been heightened, specifically in the last decade or so, with the legalization of medicinal and recreational marijuana for parts of the United States. Now with increasing acceptance and with its counterpart scrutiny, research is being implemented to analyze whether the benefits truly outweigh the possible health effects to individuals and communities. In this article, researchers study public files from the state of Colorado and Denver metropolitan area from 2001 to 2013 to support a possible theory of connection between diminishing public health and legalization of medical marijuana. Some of the public files in use are arrest files that have limits to yearly data, and hospital and poison control records that are documented monthly. Specifically in this article, the years before legalization of medicinal marijuana in 2009 are compared to the years after in which an increase or decrease in hospital visits or reports of marijuana-related incidents are compared. The researchers in this study attempt to show an increase in harmful effects on the overall public health in communities in correlation to the significant increase of accessibility of marijuana throughout the state. The goal of this research is to evaluate possible increase in public heath complications after the establishment of medicinal marijuana in the state of Colorado. Two issuesShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pageslegalization of medical marijuana. However, the amount of licensed medical marijuana card holders was small until 2009, when the U.S Attorney General gave the prosecution and legalization of marijuana over to the states. After this, the number of medical marijuana licenses increased greatly in Colorado. Then, in 2012, the sale of recreational marijuana was legalized in Colorado, to all those over the age of 21, and retail stores began selling marijuana in 2014 (Monte). Public opinion on Marijuana is generallyRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Not Be Banned1439 Words   |  6 Pageshomes? Medical marijuana is a common phenomenon that is acceptable in more than half of the 50 states. Individuals of all ages are affected by the new regulations of the once illegal substance and exposed more than one might think. Marijuana is introduced through schools by peers as a parent struggles to ensure their child will maintain an effective future. This particular drug is dangerous and can have intense effects to the body. To reduce the exposure of the harmful effects of marijuana, physiciansRead MoreEssay on Against Legalization of Marijuana in Canada909 Words   |  4 Pages Should marijuana be sold at corner stores to anyone? Recently, some of Canada ¡s politicians have claimed to introduce the legislation of legalizing marijuana. According to the policy, the possession of marijuana will not be considered a s a criminal sanction. Indeed, marijuana will become a legal substance. People who are over 16 can buy it over the counter just as alcohol or tobacco. Although legalizing marijuana may be beneficial to those people with medical purposes, it will create more problemsRead MoreEssay on Against Medical Marijuana1413 Words   |  6 Pagessome controversy concerning smoking marijuana as a medicine. Many well-intentioned leaders and members of the public have been misled by the well-financed and organized pro-drug legalization lobby into believing there is merit to their argument that smoking marijuana is a safe and effective medicine. A review of the scientific research, expert medical testimony, and government agency findings shows this to be erroneous. There is no justification for using marijuana as a medicine. Read MoreLegalizing Marijuana Essay example1598 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana 2 While it seems that numbers are steadily increasing, to legalize marijuana, there are still many states who have yet to legalize the use of medical marijuana. Many of the public feel that, due to the recent legalization of medical marijuana, the U.S. is a step closer to legalization marijuana for use by the general public. Choosing to legalize marijuana for the general public will cause an increase in users and put users health at risk, both mentally and physically. In 1937Read MoreThe Potential Benefits of Legalizing Marijuana Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages Legalizing marijuana is a concept that can potentially benefit the public as well as the local economies. There has been a nationwide debate on whether marijuana should be legalized or not. The major consensus is that marijuana is not only bad for one’s health, but it is also dangerous to the community. These allegations are not true. Marijuana actually has health benefits that most people overlook. It is important to understand the many issues of legalizing marijuana in order to better understandRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana1123 Words   |  5 PagesThis proposal would eliminate marijuana from the Control Substance Act and it would no longer be categorized as a Schedule 1 substance. The proposal would also require a federal permit for growing and distributing marijuana within state and national borders. The last aspect of the proposal would require for marijuana to be regulated exactly like alcohol by the Food and Drug Administration as well as the Bureau of Alcoho l, Tabaco, Firearms, and Explosives. Both of these proposals are probable optionsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana And Marijuana Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana or Cannabis is one of the bused drugs in America and the rest of the world. Interesting accumulating evidence show that the significant negative impact of this drug outweighs the positive effects. However, the medical benefits of the drug seem on the process of chemical compounds as compared to the drug itself. Medical debates show that chemical compound in marijuana are the problem as compared to the plant. The said chemical compound affects the mental and physical health of the personsRead MoreShould Medical Marijuana Be Legal?1591 Words   |  7 Pagesdebated topic on marijuana legalization is widely argued. Whether it’s for medical or recreational usages, this topic is reaching boiling point. The complicity on the legalities of marijuana has reached a point in society where legal usage has been p opping up across the country. In the medical sector, studies have shown benefits, and harmful effects in patients. Some physicians support, however some physicians do see health concerns that influence their stance on whether medical marijuana laws are toRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana: A Review of the Literature1843 Words   |  7 PagesCalifornia was the first state to pass a marijuana law in 1913 followed by the rest of the states in the nation until the year of 1937, when marijuana became completely illegal at the federal level. (Guither) Before then, marijuana and specifically hemp had many uses for colonists and farmers and was such a critical crop for a number of purposes, that the government even encouraged its growth. It was not until Henry J. Anslinger saw the Bureau of Narcotics as a fascinating career opportunity that

Analysis Of John Updike s Araby - 1967 Words

John Updike s penchant for appropriating great works of literature and giving them contemporary restatement in his own fiction is abundantly documented--as is the fact that, among his favorite sources, James Joyce looms large.[1] With special affinity for Dubliners, Updike has, by common acknowledgment, written at least one short story that strongly resembles the acclaimed Araby, not only in plot and theme, but in incidental detail. That story, the 1960 You ll Never Know, Dear, How Much I Love You--like Araby--tells the tale of a poor, romantically infatuated young boy who, though obstructed by parental slowness, journeys with innocent urgency, coins in hand, to a seemingly magical carnival--only to find there, behind its facades,†¦show more content†¦The self-delusion in both cases leads quickly to an emotional fall. At 19, Updike s protagonist, Sammy, is a good bit older than Joyce s--at the opposite end of adolescence, it would seem. While in Joyce s boy we readily believe such confusion between the gallant and profane, I think we needn t assume that Sammy is likewise unable to distinguish between the two quite normal impulses. His attraction to the girl in the aisle is certainly far more anatomically and less ambiguously expressed than that of Joyce s boy to Mangan s sister. But it is Beauty that confounds the issue. When human aesthetics come into play, when the object of a young man s carnal desire also gratifies him aesthetically, that is when the confusion arises. in Irish-Catholic Dublin of the 1890s,[3] such youthful beauty not surprisingly invokes analogies between Mangan s sister and the Queen of Heaven (though the swinging of her body and the soft rope of her hair toss[ing] from side to side [Joyce 30]), which captivate the boy, hint at something less spiritual than Madonna worship). And while beauty s benchmarks in Sammy s more secular mid-century America are more anatomical than spiritual, Updike does have Sammy call his young femme fatal Queenie, and he does make her the center of a trinity of sorts, showing her two friends at one point huddl[ing] against her for relief (A P 189). Once smitten, both youngShow MoreRelated The Decline of Chivalry Explored in Araby and AP Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesmotive to win hearts of women for centuries. However, as society constantly changes, the effectiveness of these chivalrous acts has diminished. In James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and John Updike’s â€Å"AP†, this theory is explored, both telling the story of a boy whose efforts to impress the girl of their desires fail. As said by Well’s in his critical analysis of these stories, â€Å"Both the protagonists have come to realize that romantic gestures—in fact, that the whole chivalric view [sic] --- are, in modern times,Read MoreBusiness and Management2600 Words   |  11 Pagesat the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Barnet, S., Cain, W.E., Burto, W. (2011). Literature for composition: Essays, stories, poems, and plays (9th ed.). New York, NY: Longman. All electronic materials are available on the student website. |Week One: Elements of Literature—Stories

Adolescence Stress, Depression, and Suicide Essay

Adolescence is a stage of maturation between childhood and adulthood that denotes the period from the beginning of puberty to maturity. However, many conflicting opinions are raised about weather such a stage of childhood is influenced by stress, depression, and suicide rate. Some people support the optimistic view that says that adolescence is not a period of storm and stress. Others, including me, support an opposite pessimistic view which characterizes adolescence as a period of stress and inner turmoil. Unfortunately, it has been recently proved that depression is a growing problem in todays society and a major contributing factor for a multitude of adolescent problems. This is because , as research indicates, adolescent depression†¦show more content†¦Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to engage in risky behaviors (Oster amp; Montgomery, 1996). Mood disorders are often accompanied by other psychological problems such as anxiety (Oster amp; Montgomery, 1996), eating disorders (Lasko et al., 1996), hyperactivity (Blackman, 1995), substance abuse (Blackman, 1995; Brown, 1996; Lasko et al., 1996) and suicide (Blackman, 1995; Brown, 1996; Lasko et al., 1996; Oster amp; Montgomery, 1996) all of which can hide depressive symptoms. The signs of clinical depression include marked changes in mood and associated behaviors that range from sadness, withdrawal, and decreased energy to intense feelings of hopelessness and suicidal thoughts. Key indicators of adolescent depression include a drastic change in eating and sleeping patterns, significant loss of interest in previous activity interests (Blackman,1995;Oster amp; Montgomery, 1996), constant boredom (Blackman,1995), disruptive behavior, peer problems, increased irritability and aggression (Brown, 1996). Blackman (1995) proposed that quot;formal psychological testing may be helpful in complicated presentations that do not lend themselves easily to d iagnosis.quot; For many teens, symptoms of depression are directly related to low self esteem stemming from increased emphasis on peer popularity. For other teens, depression arises from poor family relations which could include decreased family supportShow MoreRelatedAdolescence Essay 101357 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescence is a stage of maturation between childhood and adulthood that denotes the period from the beginning of puberty to maturity. However, many conflicting opinions are raised about weather such a stage of childhood is influenced by stress, depression, and suicide rate. Some people support the optimistic view that says that adolescence is not a period of storm and stress. Others, including me, support an opposite pessimistic view which characterizes adolescence as a period of stress and innerRead MorePhysical Maturation B : Cognitive Development And Schooling1406 Words   |  6 Pageswell-being. Adolescence is the time of psychological and physical change and growth. Adolescents grow very rapidly in physical appearance like weight and height. Puberty is the time when sexual organs become mature and start to produce the sex hormones. Cultural and environment are two factors of puberty. Girls who are grow in the wealthier family have menstruation begins earlier than who are grow in the poorer family. One study showed that amount of fat to muscle in the body and environmental stress likeRead MoreTeen Suicide Is The Third Leading Cause Death For High School Students1396 Words   |  6 PagesOver the years teen suicide has increased tremendously. According to Michael Jellinek, â€Å"the adolescent may feel they have no choice but to end their intense internal suffering or to solve a hopeless dilemma by ending it all†(Preventing Teen Suicide). According to the Center of Disease Prevention, â€Å"suicide is the third-leading cause of death for high school students after car accidents and homicides†(Bratsis). Everyday teens are faced with internal struggles and challenges that are difficult to copeRead MoreWhat is Suicide and Why Does It Occur?1142 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Suicide is a permanent solution to a temporary problem.† Phil Donahue said these words, hoping t o send a message; a message that suicide is a temporary and irreparable solution to an otherwise less than unmanageable problem. Suicide continues to be a phenomenon that no one fully understands. The rise of suicide can be directly interpreted by its precursors and their validity in newer generations such as adolescents in a time and society such as this. Suicide has moved from the realm of total tabooRead MoreTheories About Perfectionism And Suicidal Ideation, And Its Dimensions On Depressed Adolescent Patients1334 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy correlational method, which comprises sample data based on five independent variables such as perfectionism, stress, daily hassles, hopelessness, and suicide potential. The sample data consisted of 55 adolescents, who completed the procedures which have been associated with some indices of life stress, hopelessness, and one of the main problems of adolescence which is suicide ideation and potential. In addition, that was also attended by the parents of those teenagers who were interviewedRead MoreAdolescent Depression : Childhood And Adulthood996 Words   |  4 PagesAdolescent Depression The period of teens is usually used to describe the stage between childhood and adulthood, which is defined as the establishment of the onset of puberty, around age 11 to 13 years (Edelman 515). Many researchers and developmental professionals in the United States use the age span 10 to 24 years as a working definition of adolescence, and this adolescence period talk about to the psychosocial, emotional, cognitive, and moral changes from childhood to young adulthood, while pubertyRead MoreA Short Note On Depression And Female Adolescent Depression1515 Words   |  7 Pages​Depression in female adolescence Feeling down or sad sometimes is common in life, But when emotions sets in like hopelessness and loneliness linger for much of the time that may be a sign of depression. Depression is a serious mood disorder that affects more than half of our population. Depression is a feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest that can affect the brain. Lots of people will experience depression at some stage in their life. Adolescent Depression is a growing issue evenRead MoreEssay Teenage Suicide1191 Words   |  5 Pages Teenage suicide has become a critical, national problem the extent of which is mind boggling. From 1980 to 1992 the rate of suicides involving persons from the ages of 10-14 years old has increased by 120 percent, and has increased 28.3 percent when involving persons from the ages of 15-19 years old (Suicide 451). More recently in a poll of 3,210 high-school honor students, a stunning one-quarter have seriously considered suicide (Eaton 15). Suicides have been proven to be one of the leading causesRead MoreStress In Adolescence Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pages Adolescence is the period in one’s life when there are new experiences that set off unfamiliar emotions and evoke unusual actions in response to the stimuli. This stage in one’s life may be overwhelming and confusing because he/she is not a child anymore nor an adult. Adolescents are receiving more responsibilities, more expectations, and more difficult tasks to complete in order to transition into an adult. Even though this means more freedom and more opportunities, growing up is not easy. It isRead MoreSuicide Is The Third Leading Cause Of Death1191 Words   |  5 Pages Suicide is the Third Leading Cause of Death in Adolescence Connie Yonn West Coast University Suicide behavior arise in adolescence, a period when significant mood and disturb behavior preoccupied with death (Stoep, 2009). Teen suicide rates are disturbing and have been increasing in the current years base on statistic (Croft, 2016).  The increasing number of teen suicide have cause awareness and brought attention to observance in teen suicide (Croft, 2016). It is said to be the third leading cause

Power, Gender Roles, And Wealth - 1607 Words

Killing, rape, and power have played a huge role in a human life. Why is war a huge problem? People are being killed, and being tortured every single day because of a violent act. Most people in the Ancient World are being taken for granted and their power is being taken away from them. In todays world there are so many new technology, different ways of living, and several new opportunities. This new period of time isn’t what is bringing people to war. War started happening long before. Even long before the war, hierarchy began to develop in the Ancient world, but wait a second what is hierarchy? Hierarchy is primary define as a system in which certain people are arranged according to their status, or how much authority they have. You†¦show more content†¦The Nile River had the natural irrigation. The society was hierarchical, but less centralized, less urbanized. Egypt in compared to Mesopotamian they were very stable, optimistic and conservative, far less emphasis o n slavery. What is civilization? Civilization is relatively a large population, specialization, and regulation, etc. The partnership with the river valleys increased the large population, and specialization. The two early civilizations are Mesopotamia and Egypt, which brought consequences based on stability vs. inequality. A hierarchy is a â€Å"rule of a high priest† when King Hammurabi of Babylon took over Mesopotamian he accomplished a law and his law code which was called â€Å"Hammurabi’s Code† (1800 B.C.E) gave us a portion view of the daily life of the ancient urban society. Even though the law code gave us an idea of people’s justice as well as punishment and discrimination it was noted that they didn’t always write everything that was happening. Why write a law code? Law codes are easy to follow and keeps everyone on the same page, but it is clear people don’t always follow the rules. Moreover, the law code help people express their concerns about the society, it was clear that not because they had a concern everyone who in the community had the same concern. For example, a couple of laws that were mentioned in Hammurabi’s Code were â€Å"6. If a man steals valuablesShow MoreRelatedMale Daughters Femals Husbands Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause I have always been curious about the role of women in non western countries and why they were viewed as being subservient to men by their own as well as the western world. Ifi Amadiume, a Nigerian sociologist with a London University doctorate, conducted research in her own family area to study gender and sex in an African Society. Challenging the received orthodoxies of social anthropology, Ifi Amadiume argues that in precolonial society, sex and gender did not necessarily coincide. In the bookRead MoreJane Eyre, By Charlotte Bronte1143 Words   |  5 Pagesan uneven distribution of wealth among people in the Victorian Era, creating this gap between th e rich and poor. Social class in British society was made of the lower, middle, and upper class. Brontà « implemented characters like Mr.Brocklehurst and the Reeds to show that characters that were high in class and supported the social hierarchy were not good people and are not usually rewarded. The main character and protagonist, Jane Eyre, has challenged the view that wealth is equivalent to superiorityRead MoreGender Roles in a Streetcar Named Desire Essay1042 Words   |  5 PagesGender Roles in A Streetcar Named Desire Throughout history empowerment and marginalization has primarily been based on gender. In the play A Streetcar Named Desire, this idea of empowerment is strongly flaunted. Tennessee Williams’ characters, primarily Stanley, Blanche, Mitch, and Stella, conform the expected roles of men and women at the time. Although World War Two temporarily allowed women a place in the work force, they were dismissed from such empowerment when the war came to a close.Read MoreGender And Gender Roles : The Movie Transporter 2 Of 2005 Directed By Louis Leterrier1747 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary works depict normative social roles on gender thereby portraying either gender as having specific set of characteristics in comparison to one another (Fetterley 492). The movie Transporter 2 of 2005 directed by Louis Leterrier and starring Jason Statham as Frank Martin is just an example of how the male and female gender are assigned given roles that bring out their characters as distinct (Leterrier). T he movie uses both gender to express normative social stereotyping that portrays malesRead MoreThe Social System Of Native Americans And Europeans Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagessystems were greatly affected by gender and the political economy. The Native Americans heavily emphasized reciprocity and the value of friendships, thus binding people together and creating lasting relationships. Europeans on the other hand were more focused on acts of trade and the free market economy. Since Europeans relied on a free market economy, owning land was a great way to contribute and show this. Land was very scarce and it showed others the amount of wealth and prestige one had. Since landRead MoreGender Inequality Is The Unequal Treatment Of Someone Based Off Their Gender961 Words   |  4 PagesIn modern society gender inequality is the unequal treatment of someone based off their gender rather than their varying skills, abilities, and characteristics. In our society gender equality can be h ard to notice sometimes but in other cases it is very obvious such as pay scale for jobs. Many efforts have been taken in the past to get rid of this unequal gap between genders especially in the modern workplace. It is difficulty for many of us to think about gender inequality especially consideringRead MoreE.l. James Fifty Shades of Gray: A Critical Analysis1307 Words   |  5 Pagestantalizing insight into sexual fantasies and their impact on the individual psyche. The books shallowness is offset by the ability to extrapolate from its steamy drama issues that are pertinent and global in nature, including the persistence of gender performativity and gendered hierarchies. Symbolic male hegemony is implied in the fact that Christian is the top to Anas bottom. Christian manipulates Ana, who allows herself to be seduced by a man who has already admitted himself to be incapableRead MoreThe Polished Hoe Analysis945 Words   |  4 PagesCaribbean who inherited specific invariable trait s. In the land of Bimshire, Barbados as we know it, being classified as anything other than a landowning white male, comes with a host of prejudices that deems one to a lifetime of indirect servitude. Gender is a clear barrier that decides whether someone becomes a wealthy citizen, or a submissive spouse at the mercy of her superior. Hence, the untold amount of rapes that have taken place in the Caribbean that are responsible for the majority of nativesRead MoreWomen s Social Construction Of Gender1524 Words   |  7 Pageswith trying to redefine various positions at this point in history. To allow freedom for women, freedom for men, freedom from those sharply defined gender roles.† Ward mentions how much society emphasizes gender to create this social construction of gender, which restricts personal freedoms. Many articles have been written about the social norms of gender, and the differences between men and women. Jamaica Kincaid’s â€Å"Girl† (1978) illustra tes a conversation with a woman and a young girl about how a girlRead MoreGender Roles In Colonial America1346 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieved to be equal to men however this was not always the case. During colonial times, women did not have the same roles as women do today; men and women had fixed roles in society. Roles between men and women do not exchange due to strict gender roles. Additionally, married women were not exactly considered as companions instead, as the husband’s property. Although gender roles were a significant issue among women in early America, another issue was the background of these women. Factors such

How to Structure the Personnel Department

Question: Discuss about the How to Structure the Personnel Department. Answer: Conducting survey to determine that whether an organization can achieve its business goals through a hard or soft approach to HRM most appropriately: From the survey it has been recognised that the human resource management (HRM) is involved with managing the people through the employee-employer relationship. This is the crucial activity which helps an organisation for the achievement of the objective for the organization. Considering the view of Armstrong (2010), there is the instrumental or hard approach to the HRM which stresses on the close integration about the human resource systems, policies and activities with the business strategy. The hard approach also views human resource as vital factor of the production like capital and land. Therefore, it can be inferred that the hard approach is entirely focused on the HRM. The hard approach often becomes the reason to obtain competitive advantage by the organisations. On the other hand, Fowler (2012) addressed that there is the humanistic or soft approach for HRM which still emphasizes on the significance of integrating an HR strategy and organizational strategy. The soft approach suggests that best outcome can be obtained in those circumstances where the human resources are considered to be valued assets and crucial source of the competitive advantage as stated by (Guest, 2009). Thus, the focus is on the development and improvement of the asset and producing commitment through ensuring that employee needs have been satisfied. Thus the vital focus of soft approach is also on the human resource management. Thus to achieve the business goal for an organization, it is required to incorporate both the perspectives the hard and soft approach to HRM. Gunnigle et al. (2013) stated that while the hard aspect would be responsible for the human resource planning, strategy formulation, the soft feature would help to conduct consultation and communication wit h employees, leadership and motivation. Thus, it has been found from survey that the peers highly believe that the combination of both hard and soft approach to HRM is aimed to ensure the meeting of the organizational goals. Reflect on findings: Result of the survey findings: From the survey, it has been found that the best approach for HRM is to maintain the balance between both the humanistic and the instrumental approach. Thus, the balancing act between soft and hard approach would be helpful to effectively produce the efficient organisation. On the other hand, there is the limitation of considering the soft approach. It is when all employee benefits are summed up, the workforce cost makes the business at the competitive disadvantage position as cited by (Marchington Wilkinson, 2011). How HRM evolved over time: Initially, the human resource management was known to be the personnel management approach for maximum of 20th century (McGovern et al. 2010). Then the nature was mainly administrative. It had concerned itself through employee record keeping, implementing functions like training, recruitment, welfare oriented activities and others to meet the statutory compliance. In later decades, the personnel management approach had been evolved towards the traditional human resource approach. Such new approach had been considered to be valuable resources for the workers due its more dynamic nature. Gradually this human resource management turned to be the line management function being linked with the core business activities (Sisson Storey, 2012). Thus few crucial activities which have been found in HR department are recruitment and selection, training and development, motivation and the employee benefits and the appraisal and performance related salaries. Thus, the final evolution of HRM is th e strategic approach of human resource management. Role of HRM in contributing to realization of business goals: HRM is the strategic activity by which the managers establish the long-term direction of the organization, develop the strategies to achieve business goal and also set particular performance objectives. Thus, it has been found that HRM plays key role in reflecting strategic objectives and also values within organization. Considering the view of Marchington Wilkinson (2011), it also recognises the competencies of the organization and matches the people with those. HRM is crucial for supporting the climate, culture and the organizational processes for attracting and retaining the effective employees. Thus, the HRM plays vital role to build and sustain the organizational commitment. Factor or circumstances may change preferred approach to HRM: The circumstances which require improvement in the organisational performance level and need to generate competitive advantage then the preferred approach of HRM shifts from soft to hard. On the other hand, when there is the need to integrate all HR related practices and policies with the strategic business objectives, the HRM approach is shifted from the hard to the soft (Fowler, 2012). References: Armstrong, M. (2010). A Handbook of Personnel Management Practice, London: Kogan Page. Fowler, A. (2012). How to Structure the Personnel Department, Personnel Management Plus, 3(1), 22- 3 Guest, D. (2009). 'Human Resource Management and Industrial Relations', Journal of Management, 24(5), 503-521. Gunnigle, P., Heraty, N. Morley, M. (2013). Personnel and Human Resource Management Theory and Practice in Ireland, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan Marchington, M. Wilkinson, A. (2011). Core Personnel and Development, London: IPD. McGovern, P., Gratton, L., Stiles, P., Hope-Hailey, V. Truss, C. (2010). Human Resource Management on the Line?, Human Resource Management Journal, 7(4), 12-29. Sisson, K. Storey, J. (2012) Managing Human Resource and Relations, Great Britain.

Business Organizational Culture and Leadership †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Business Organizational Culture and Leadership. Answer: Introduction: In the present competitive world, change is inevitable. Organizations initiate change in their policies, operations, structure to enhance efficiency. However, not all change initiatives in organizations lead to positive outcomes. Change is a fragile process which can either impact positively or negatively on organizations. Without proper measures in place, change initiatives can result in employee withdrawal, resistance, and demotivation. This report provides an insightful guideline on how SJV and VicSolar will implement changes to their policies and organizational structure to ensure strategic re-alignment and restructuring of the organization. Change is a challenging concept to implement in organizations especially after a crisis. According to Coombs (2013), initiating change after a crisis makes the employees view the move as a retaliation from the management if it is not communicated effectively. Moreover, DuBrin (2013) advises that managers should be in the forefront in communicating the intended change and how it will affect the organizations operations. Failure to communicate the intended change in advance and a comprehensive manner can significantly affect the psychological stability of the employees. Consequently, it is vital to implement change in a way that does not compromise the psychological well-being of the employees. In this respect, this report proposes the utilization of John Kotters Eight-Stage Process of change management. According to Kotter (2012), change initiatives should be objective. The organization must establish the goals that it wants to achieve through the change process. In this respect, SJV and VicSolar aim to attain performance efficiency by altering their working structure and policies. Firstly our team will establish a sense of agency. According to Kotter (2012), creating a sense of agency sparks the stakeholders motivations to accept and participate in the change process. In this model, Kotter proposes that the suggested change must receive support from 75% of the management. However, creating urgency does not entail condemning specific individuals on the past organizational failures. SJV and VicSolar need to take their past crises as a collective organizational failure. In this respect, the team will hold honest and convincing dialogue with the organizations employees to deliberate on the possible causes of the current situation and how the proposed change will limit such occurrences in the future. As Malgas and Benedict (2017) opine, effective communication is paramount in this initial stage. The team must convince the employees that there is an urgent need for change in the organizations activities and that these changes will impact on them positively. After convincing the employees on the urgency for the proposed changes, a team will be created to oversee the change implementation process. According to Kotter (2012), the created team should have the capacity to lead change. This team will comprise of employees from all ranks within the organization. According to Andreasson, Eriksson, and Dellve (2016), employee engagement is crucial for change acceptance. The workers must be assured that the intended changes address their concerns. In fact, Kirrane et al. (2017) point out that most of the failed organizational change processes are caused by insufficient employees involvement. As a result, our team aims to ensure that all of the organizations employees are involved in the change process and their concerns adequately addressed. The intention of initiating change is to enhance organizational activities. Consequently, the proposed change must have a precise vision and way of attaining it. According to Kotter (2012), the team in charge of the change process must develop a vision to direct the change effect. Moreover, they must design a strategy to execute the stated vision. In this respect, our team will develop precise vision summary that shows the employees the future of their organization if they embrace the proposed changes. According to Kim, McCunn, and Lew (2017), an effective change vision is derived from deductive reasoning. The vision should be realistic and attainable to garner workers support. Moreover, Beech et al. (2017) opine that the vision should highlight the benefits that the employees will obtain from the change process. In this respect, our teams change vision will adequately address the needs of the workers and that of the organization to promote sustainability. Communication is key in the Kotter's change model. In this respect, our team will ensure that all the vital information on the ongoing change is sufficiently communicated to the people within the organization. According to Kotter (2012), the agent of change is mandated to constantly communicate the new vision and strategies to the employee using all possible means. Importantly, communication in this sense does not imply forcing the employees to accept the proposed changes. Leaders are supposed to lead by example during the change process (Goksoy, 2015). In this respect, the organization leaders and the group leading the change are supposed to express the change they are propagating in their actions. Schein (2010) insists that the role of leadership is to motivate employees toward a specified course of action. Consequently, during the change process, the leaders must motivate their employees to understand and embrace change through effective communication strategies. However, the most important action during change management is the eradication of all obstacles that impend its implementation. According to Franklin and Aguenza (2016), it is essential to evaluate all the factors that can hinder change implementation starting from the organizations leadership to its policies. Since SJV and VicSolar want to improve the quality of their services, they must alter their current compensation policies to one that is performance-based. Performance-based compensation systems motivate employees to enhance their work rate as their pay is tied to their output(Nyberg et al., 2016). In this respect, our team will address all the possible obstacles to the change process starting from the organizations working structure to its policies. According to Kotter (2012), extensive organizational change such as the one we are undertaking requires thrust, optimism, and a sense of accomplishment. In this respect, our team will put measures in place to create short-term wins. These will include motivational actions such as providing feedback on the change progress and rewarding those whose have successfully aligned to the new system. Moreover, it is essential to ensure that the change process is sustainable. According to Leybourne (2016), one way of ensuring sustainability during the change process is by assisting the employee cope with the new system. Additionally, it can be achieved through hiring employees who can implement the change vision. In this respect, our team will not be reluctant to advise the organization to eliminate those employees who will be against the change process even after addressing their needs. The last stage in our change process will be to revise the organizations culture to fit with the new system. According to Hornstein (2015), organizational culture dictates the major operations of an organization and plays a crucial role in change implementation. In this respect, it is essential to have a culture that promotes development, quality services, and effective management. Consequently, our team will amend the current SJV and VicSolar organizational culture to embrace performance-based models of compensation, employee training, and leadership. As Kotter (2012) points out, this last phase of the change model illustrates the inclusiveness of the change process. Change is not only focused on the employees and management, but also on the structures that dictate their performance. Conclusively, our team intends to utilize the Kotters eight-stage change management model to ensure that all employees accept the proposed changes. This model strives at attaining inclusiveness during the change process. Consequently, it will effect changes from the employee to organization level. Importantly, the model insists on effective communication, inclusion, sustainability, and teamwork in effecting change. 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